Cruise ships offer a unique combination of relaxation, adventure, and entertainment, but passengers can’t enjoy the amenities if they’re not feeling well. Luckily, cruise ship nurses are often available to maintain the health and safety of passengers and crew members.
From treating minor ailments to managing chronic conditions and providing emergency care, cruise ship nurses treat a variety of conditions, including:
1. Seasickness
One of the most common conditions seen by cruise ship nurses is motion sickness/seasickness. Even seasoned travelers can be affected by motion sickness when the ship hits rough waters. Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives conflicting signals from the inner ear, eyes, and sensory nerves, leading to dizziness, nausea, and vomiting.
Treatment: Cruise ship nurses offer a range of remedies, including over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamines, such as Dramamine, and nonmedical options like acupressure bands. In severe cases, nurses might administer antinausea injections to provide faster relief.
2. Respiratory infections
The close quarters and shared spaces on cruise ships can lead to the spread of respiratory infections, such as the common cold, flu, bronchitis, and COVID-19. These infections can spread quickly, especially in common areas where guests socialize — dining rooms, theaters, and bars, for instance.
Treatment: Nurses may recommend decongestants, antihistamines, and cough suppressants for symptom relief and emphasize the importance of rest and hydration. In cases of suspected flu and COVID-19, passengers could receive antiviral medications and be asked to isolate to prevent the spread of the virus.
3. Norovirus
Norovirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis and foodborne illness. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 13 norovirus outbreaks on cruise ships in 2023, and six in 2024, so far. Norovirus symptoms typically include stomach pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and nausea.
Treatment: In cases of severe dehydration, cruise ship nurses might administer intravenous (IV) fluids to prevent dehydration, along with antidiarrheal medications and, in some cases, antibiotics. In norovirus outbreaks, strict hygiene protocols and isolation of affected passengers are critical to contain the spread.
4. Minor injuries
With the abundance of activities available on cruise ships, from rock climbing to swimming, minor injuries, including cuts, bruises, sprains, and even minor fractures can occur.
Treatment: Cruise ship nurses are equipped to treat these injuries with first aid, wound care, splints, and pain management. In more serious cases, where advanced medical techniques are required, arrangements can be made to evacuate patients to a nearby hospital.
5. Dehydration and heat-related illnesses
Spending time in the sun on deck, particularly in tropical climates, can lead to dehydration and heat-related illnesses, such as heat exhaustion or heatstroke. Passengers who are not accustomed to high temperatures may be particularly vulnerable.
Treatment: Cruise ship nurses monitor patients for symptoms including excessive thirst, fatigue, dizziness, and confusion. Treatment includes moving the affected individual to a cool area, providing fluids, and in severe cases, administering IV fluids to rehydrate the body rapidly.
6. Cardiovascular issues
Given the diverse age range of passengers on a cruise ship, it’s not uncommon for nurses to encounter cardiovascular issues, such as hypertension, angina, or even heart attacks. The ship’s medical team must be prepared to respond swiftly to these potentially life-threatening situations.
Treatment: Cruise ship medical centers are often equipped with basic cardiac care facilities, including defibrillators and medications, such as nitroglycerin and aspirin. Nurses are trained to stabilize patients and, if needed, arrange for emergency evacuation to a hospital where more comprehensive care can be provided.
7. Allergic reactions
Allergic reactions, whether caused by food, insect stings, or environmental factors, are another condition frequently treated by cruise ship nurses. The reactions can range from mild skin rashes to severe anaphylaxis.
Treatment: Mild allergic reactions may be treated with antihistamines and topical creams. In cases of anaphylaxis, nurses are equipped with epinephrine auto-injectors (EpiPens) and are trained in advanced life support techniques to manage the situation until the patient can receive further medical attention.
8. Skin conditions
Exposure to the sun, changes in climate, and saltwater can exacerbate certain skin conditions, such as sunburn, rashes, or eczema. Cruise ship nurses often provide care for these issues, ensuring that passengers remain comfortable during their journey.
Treatment: Treatment may include soothing creams, anti-inflammatory medications, and advice on proper skincare to prevent further irritation. For severe sunburns, pain relief and cooling treatments are provided.
9. Chronic condition management
Passengers with chronic conditions, including diabetes, asthma, or arthritis, may require ongoing medical support during their cruise. Cruise ship nurses help manage these conditions, making sure patients receive their medications and are monitored throughout the cruise.
Treatment: Nurses assist with administering medication, monitoring vital signs, and providing emergency care if a chronic condition worsens. As an example, for diabetics, nurses often have glucose meters, testing supplies, syringes, and insulin on hand.
10. Mental health issues
Travel, particularly in a confined environment like a cruise ship, can sometimes trigger or exacerbate mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, or panic attacks. Cruise ship nurses are trained to recognize and address the signs and symptoms of mental health issues.
Treatment: Nurses may provide counseling, medication, and create a calm environment to help the passenger manage their symptoms.
11. Gastrointestinal (GI) issues
A sudden change of diet, eating new types of food, and cocktails by the pool can lead to GI issues including diarrhea, heartburn, acid reflux, and constipation.
Traveler’s diarrhea is also seen in cases where international travelers consume contaminated water or food during their time at port.
Treatment: OTC medications, such as Pepto Bismol, can reduce the duration of traveler’s diarrhea. Rest and hydration are also recommended, and in severe cases, antibiotics may be prescribed. OTC medications such as a stool softener might be given for constipation, and antacids for heartburn and indigestion.
Working as a nurse on a cruise ship offers a unique and exciting opportunity to provide care in beautiful and often exotic locations. Knowing that trained nurses are on board offers passengers peace of mind, allowing them to relax and enjoy their voyage, confident that their health is in expert hands if any medical need arises. It's a role that combines adventure with compassionate care, creating a fulfilling career for many.
